Ex. 11:1–15:21 The chapters describing the tenth and final plague include extended accounts relating to: the warning (11:1–10); the instructions for Israel’s Passover and the Feast of Unleavened Bread (12:1–28); the plague (12:29–32); the exodus (12:33–42); the statute for the Passover (12:43–51); the command to consecrate the firstborn and celebrate the Feast of Unleavened Bread (13:1–16); how Israel went out of Egypt (13:17–22); the events of the Red Sea (14:1–31); and the songs of Moses (15:1–18) and Miriam (15:19–21).
Ex. 11:1 Yet one plague more. This is the first time Moses is told precisely when the plagues will end.
Ex. 11:2–3 The Lord instructs Israel to ask the Egyptians for silver and gold, a fulfillment of what he told Moses at the burning bush (3:21–22).
Ex. 11:4 This time, when Moses declares, “Thus says the Lord,” he does not repeat the request to let Israel go. This points to the finality of the coming plague.
Ex. 11:5 Earlier, God referred to Israel as “my firstborn son” (4:22) and said that Pharaoh’s refusal would result in the death of his firstborn (4:23). Since Pharaoh is his people’s representative, the plagues impact both him and his people.
Ex. 11:7 The Lord makes a distinction between Egypt and Israel, not because of anything good in Israel or bad in Egypt. Rather, this distinction is based on the Lord’s complete rule over all nations and his covenant promises to Abraham (see Deut. 7:6–11).
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