Est. 9:1–10 The Jews . . . did as they pleased (v. 5). They took full advantage of the opportunity to defeat their attackers, as they were allowed to do (see notes on 8:11; 9:11–15). laid no hand on the plunder (also in vv. 15–16). They had been given permission to take the property of those whom they conquered (8:11), but they did only what was necessary to defend themselves.
Est. 9:11–15 tomorrow also. Probably because there were still armed men in Susa committed to carrying out the first edict. the ten sons of Haman were hanged. In keeping with Persian royal practice, the king wipes out the conspirator’s family publicly, to prevent further trouble.
Est. 9:16–19 Two different dates arose for celebrating the deliverance of the Jews. In rural areas the fighting was completed on the thirteenth day of Adar, so they celebrated on the fourteenth. But in Susa it did not finish until the fourteenth, so they celebrated on the fifteenth. The celebration was still occurring on this date when Esther was written (v. 19).
Est. 9:20–10:3 Conclusion. At the high point of the story, the tables are completely turned and the enemies of the Jews get what they deserve.
Est. 9:20–21 fourteenth . . . also the fifteenth. (see note on vv. 16–19).
Est. 9:23–32 Purim. The Hebrew plural of Pur (see note on 3:7). Jews still keep the Feast of Purim today. This second letter suggests that the differences between rural and urban Jews (9:9–16) had persisted to some extent in spite of the first letter (vv. 20–22). Both letters were distributed in the form of many letters, carried by many messengers but with the same basic content.
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