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Est. 8:1–2 Ahasuerus gave . . . Esther the house of Haman. The property of condemned criminals was forfeited to the crown. his signet ring. See note on 3:10–11.
Est. 8:3–8 Haman was dead, but the decree he had issued with the king’s authority was still in force, for an edict . . . cannot be revoked (v. 8; compare Dan. 6:8). The way to counter the edict was to issue another one that made it difficult or impossible to carry out the first one.
Est. 8:9 Sivan. The third month of the Jewish religious calendar, in late spring.
Est. 8:11 any armed force. The Jews are permitted to defend themselves only by destroying armed enemies who attack them, including any children and women who participate in the attack.
Est. 8:12 the thirteenth day of . . . Adar. See 3:13.
Est. 8:15–16 Susa . . . rejoiced (see 3:15). Further evidence that many of the Persian people did not share Haman’s hatred toward the Jews. The Jews had . . . honor. Probably because people saw that the king himself now favored them.
Est. 8:17 many . . . declared themselves Jews. That is, they tried to pass themselves off as Jews. fear of the Jews. Because of the power now exercised by Mordecai (v. 15; 9:3–4).
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