Eccles. 12:1 Evil days refers to the physical weakening of old age.
Eccles. 12:2–7 This section is a symbolic picture of aging and death. The common link between most of the images used in v. 6 appears to be that they are water receptacles: since water is a symbol of life, the destruction of these items indicates the moment when life ceases and the spirit returns to God who gave it (see note on 3:21).
Eccles. 12:8–14 Final Conclusion and Epilogue. The Preacher restates his claim that all is “vanity.” The epilogue affirms the wisdom of the Preacher, summons the reader to pay careful attention to the words of the wise, and summarizes the overall message of the book.
Eccles. 12:11 A goad is a long stick used for guiding oxen while plowing. The words of the wise provide moral and intellectual stability like nails firmly fixed. Ultimately, such wisdom is given by one Shepherd, God.
Eccles. 12:13–14 The Preacher has already pointed out the need to fear God (see note on 5:1–7) and to keep his commandments (compare 5:4–6; 7:17–18). The whole duty of man thus involves genuine faith in God, as well as good works, which are the inevitable result of true faith (see James 2:14). God will bring every deed into judgment (compare Eccles. 11:9), thus it is important to obey his commands.
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The Blue Letter Bible ministry and the BLB Institute hold to the historical, conservative Christian faith, which includes a firm belief in the inerrancy of Scripture. Since the text and audio content provided by BLB represent a range of evangelical traditions, all of the ideas and principles conveyed in the resource materials are not necessarily affirmed, in total, by this ministry.
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