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34:1–35:27 Josiah. Compare 2 Kings 22:1–23:30a. The Chronicler devotes two entire chapters to Josiah’s reign (640–609 b.c.). Josiah would have provided an example of faithfulness and godly leadership for the returned exiles who were the Chronicler’s first readers (see Neh. 8:1–8).
2 Chron. 34:2 did not turn aside. See note on 2 Kings 22:2.
2 Chron. 34:3–7 Josiah moved decisively against pagan worship as soon as he reached adulthood at age 20 (see Num. 1:3). His reforms included both Judah and the former northern kingdom. The decline of Assyria after the death of Ashurbanipal (627 b.c.) allowed Josiah to pursue his reforms.
2 Chron. 34:8–13 The repair of the temple in 622 b.c. was part of Josiah’s continuing reform. he sent Shaphan. See note on 2 Kings 22:3–7. Contributions came from various tribes, as they united to repair the temple.
2 Chron. 34:14 The Book of the Law was probably a scroll of Deuteronomy or a portion of it. Its discovery during the temple repair leads to further reform (vv. 29–33; see note on 2 Kings 22:8).
2 Chron. 34:19–21 those who are left in Israel and in Judah. The Chronicler mentions both the northern and southern kingdoms, to emphasize their unity (compare v. 9). great is the wrath of the Lord . . . because our fathers have not kept the word of the Lord. See note on 2 Kings 22:11–13.
2 Chron. 34:22–24 Huldah. See note on 2 Kings 22:14–16. All the curses refers to the covenant curses in Deuteronomy 27–29 (compare 2 Kings 22:16, “all the words”).
2 Chron. 34:27 humbled yourself before me. Compare 7:14. This emphasizes Josiah’s exemplary spiritual character (see 34:1–3).
2 Chron. 34:28 Josiah will be gathered to his grave in peace, even though he will die in battle. The destruction of Judah and the exile will not occur during Josiah’s lifetime (see note on 2 Kings 22:20).
2 Chron. 34:30–31 the king went up to the house of the Lord. See note on 2 Kings 23:2–3.
2 Chron. 34:32–33 Josiah imposes on the people a pledge of obedience to the Mosaic covenant, which they maintain in all the territory . . . of Israel (both north and south). But they keep their pledge only while Josiah lives (all his days they did not turn away). When Josiah dies, the people’s faithfulness dies as well (see notes on ch. 36).
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