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1 Sam 29:1–11 The story backtracks to right after 28:2, partially repeating 28:1.
1 Sam 29:4 Although Achish of Gath trusted David, the other Philistine commanders mistrusted him. They feared that he would seek to regain the favor of Saul (his lord) by betraying the Philistines and presenting him with the heads of the men here (probably meaning “our heads”). One can see the hand of the Lord working even through the Philistine commanders to keep David from fighting the Lord’s people, which he had managed to avoid doing so far. That would probably have prevented him from being accepted by Israel as king.
1 Sam 29:6 As the Lord lives. For polytheistic people, it was quite acceptable to make an oath in the name of a god other than the gods they normally served.
1 Sam 29:8 fight against the enemies of my lord the king. The identity of “my lord the king” is perhaps deliberately unclear. On the surface the phrase refers to Achish, but it is possible David was actually referring to Saul, whose “enemies” were the Philistines. Readers are not told what David was thinking.
1 Sam 29:11 From here, the action splits. Chapter 30 follows David’s actions as he is sent home to Ziklag, while ch. 31 continues Saul’s actions in 28:5–25 and the Philistines’ actions in ch. 29. The Philistines went up to Jezreel by way of Shunem (see 28:4, then ch. 31). Saul’s visit to the medium (28:5–25) occurred within this area. Jezreel is at the northwest foot of Mount Gilboa and guards the eastern entrance to the Jezreel Valley.
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