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1 Sam 27:1–30:31 David and his men finally gain some stability by serving the Philistine king Achish of Gath. David pretends to be loyal to Achish by attacking various non-Israelite peoples in the area while giving the impression that he is attacking Israel itself (27:8–12). When the Philistines prepare to attack Saul’s army, however, it seems that David is in danger of becoming an enemy of his own people. But the Philistine leaders do not trust him in battle, so he and his men go back to their city of Ziklag (30:1). On arrival, they find that Ziklag has been destroyed by the Amalekites. David manages to pursue and destroy the raiders and gain much spoil, which he shares with the cities of Judah. Meanwhile in ch. 28, as the Philistines prepare to invade, Saul seeks advice from the deceased Samuel through divination but receives only a prophecy of his own death.
1 Sam 27:1–12 Here, as in 21:10, David goes to the Philistine city of Gath as a mercenary. Whereas before he went anonymously and alone, here he goes in his own name, accompanied by his 600 men and their families. As he said in 26:19, he has finally concluded that he can no longer stay in Israel. Though he is the rightful king, he must remain a while longer in exile. To stay in good favor with the Philistines, David must pretend to be attacking Israel (27:8–12).
1 Sam 27:5 let a place be given me in one of the country towns. David probably wanted to get away from Gath so he could act freely, without interference.
1 Sam 27:6 Ziklag may have been some distance from Gath, but the cities nearer to Gath probably belonged to other foreigners serving Achish, a fact that David must have been well aware of when he made his request.
1 Sam 27:8 The Geshurites are those living near the Philistines (Josh. 13:2), not the Geshurites living near Bashan (Josh. 13:11). The Girzites are not mentioned elsewhere in the Bible. The Amalekites mentioned in these chapters lived in the south, toward the Egyptian border.
1 Sam 27:10–12 The Negeb was the area east and west of Beersheba and north of Kadesh-barnea. David would tell Achish that he attacked Judahite, Jerahmeelite, or Kenite settlements in the area. This would leave the impression that he was attacking the outposts of Israel itself and thus was loyal to the Philistines. Achish trusted David. The deception worked.
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