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1 Kings 9:2 a second time. The first occasion was in 3:4–15.
1 Kings 9:4–5 You shall not lack a man on the throne of Israel. See note on 2 Chron. 7:17–18.
1 Kings 9:6 if you turn aside from following me, you or your children. The future of the temple and the dynasty depends on the obedience of Solomon and of future generations of Israelites. The particular focus here is idolatry. The people must not go and serve other gods and worship them.
1 Kings 9:7–8 Disobedience will lead to loss of the Promised Land (see Deut. 29:22–28). The magnificent temple will become a heap of ruins to be scoffed at by those passing by. Israel will be transformed from a nation known for its wisdom (1 Kings 4:21–34) into a nation that is itself a proverb and a byword (see Deut. 28:37).
1 Kings 9:10–10:29 Solomon’s rule over the surrounding kingdoms, combined with his status in the world in general (4:21–34), put him in a position to build and dedicate the temple (5:1–8:66). This passage now considers the glory of Solomon’s empire in the light of 8:22–53 and 9:1–9.
1 Kings 9:10 At the end of twenty years would be c. 946 b.c.
1 Kings 9:11 Hiram king of Tyre. The gold mentioned in v. 11 was not part of the agreement struck between the two kings in 5:1–18, but Hiram supplied Solomon with as much as he desired. Solomon in turn “rewards” him with twenty cities that may not have been worth much.
1 Kings 9:13 The name Cabul probably comes from the noun “fetters” that is found in Ps. 149:8, a psalm that celebrates the supremacy of Israel over the nations. Hiram calls the land “fettered” to describe his relationship with Solomon.
1 Kings 9:14 Solomon accumulates huge amounts of gold. Biblical texts associate the accumulation of kingly wealth with spiritual unfaithfulness (e.g., Deut. 17:17). As will be seen, Solomon’s riches lead him astray.
1 Kings 9:15–25 the account of the forced labor. The author clarifies that Solomon used his task force of 30,000 Canaanite laborers (5:1–18) for the temple and his other building projects. Israelite workers did other tasks. Pharaoh’s daughter (9:24) was introduced in 3:1, using language similar to Moses’ warnings about intermarriage with foreigners (Deut. 7:1–6). Such marriages could lead to spiritual unfaithfulness. Mentioning the Canaanites (Amorites, Hittites, etc.) in connection with Pharaoh’s daughter serves to prepare the reader for Solomon’s worship of other gods (1 Kings 11:3–4).
1 Kings 9:15 the Millo. See note on 2 Sam. 5:9.
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