13:1–16:43 David’s Transfer of the Ark of the Covenant to Jerusalem. The ark signified the Mosaic covenant. It also symbolized God’s presence on earth. It had been neglected throughout Saul’s reign, being kept in the village of Kiriath-jearim (13:3, 5). The Chronicler departs from his source’s order (2 Samuel 5–6) to present David’s first attempt to retrieve the ark (1 Chron. 13:5–14 = 2 Sam. 6:1–11); he places this event before David’s establishment of his home and family in Jerusalem and his defeat of the Philistines (1 Chron. 14:1–17 = 2 Sam. 5:11–25). He changes the order of these events to show that David’s true priority is his commitment to God.
1 Chron 13:1–4 David’s consultation shows a concern with national unity and a desire to involve the people in national issues. we did not seek it. See “seek my face,” 2 Chron. 7:14. To “seek” the ark would mean caring for it rightly as the focus of worship. “Seeking God” will emerge as a major theme in Chronicles. During David’s reign there will be an improvement in the people’s commitment to God, compared to their level of commitment during the days of Saul.
1 Chron 13:5–6 People from all over Israel participated in retrieving the ark: from the Nile of Egypt to Lebo-hamath in the far northeast. Compare the boundaries of the Promised Land, Gen. 15:18. On who sits enthroned above the cherubim, see note on 1 Sam. 4:3–4.
1 Chron 13:7–12 The Levites were to carry the ark on poles (Ex. 25:12–15; see note on 2 Sam. 6:3–4). Transporting the ark by cart (1 Chron. 13:7), as the Philistines had done (1 Samuel 6), demonstrated a lack of reverence for the sacred object of God’s presence and for the Law of Moses. Uzzah intended well, but he disobeyed the Lord by touching the ark (see Num. 4:15; also note on 2 Sam. 6:6–11).
1 Chron 13:8 On David . . . celebrating before God with various instruments, see note on 2 Sam. 6:5.
1 Chron 13:13–14 Obed-edom was probably a foreigner, particularly if Gittite (a resident of Gath) means that he was a Philistine.
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